Into the graceful, calm world of seals, by Gift Luckson
Pinnipeds, commonly known as seals, are fascinating marine mammals known for their smooth movements, curious nature, and strong connection to both land and sea.
Belonging to the family Phocidae, they spend much of their lives in the ocean, yet regularly return to shorelines, ice floes, or rocky coasts to rest, breed, and care for their young.
Perfectly adapted to aquatic life, seals have streamlined bodies, powerful flippers, and thick layers of blubber that keep them warm in cold waters.
In the sea, they are agile swimmers, capable of diving deep and holding their breath for long periods while hunting fish, squid, and crustaceans.
On land, their movements may appear awkward, but they are well-suited to conserving energy and staying safe in groups.
Seals are also highly social animals. They communicate through sounds, body movements, and expressions, especially during breeding seasons or when mothers bond with their pups.
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Intelligent and observant: Seals often display playful behaviour, such as surfing waves or interacting curiously with their surroundings.
Overall, seals play an important role in maintaining healthy marine ecosystems. Their presence reflects the balance of ocean life, and their gentle yet resilient nature continues to capture human admiration and respect.
Seals range in size from the 1 m (3 ft 3 in) and 45 kg (100 lb) Baikal seal to the 5 m (16 ft) and 3,200 kg (7,100 lb) southern elephant seal. Several species exhibit sexual dimorphism. Though not as fast in the water as dolphins, seals are more flexible and agile. Otariids primarily use their front limbs to propel themselves through the water, while phocids and walruses primarily use their hind limbs for this purpose.
Seals have been depicted in various cultures worldwide. They are commonly kept in captivity and are even sometimes trained to perform tricks and tasks.
Once relentlessly hunted by commercial industries for their products, seals are now protected by international law.
The Japanese sea lion and the Caribbean monk seal have become extinct in the past century, while the Mediterranean monk seal and Hawaiian monk seal are ranked as endangered by the International Union for Conservation of Nature.
Besides hunting, pinnipeds also face threats from accidental trapping, marine pollution, climate change and conflicts with local people.
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