The Economics, Conflict Resolution btw Farmers, Herders: Implementation of Ruga settlements, ranching as a panacea, by Engr. Bello Gwarzo Abdullahi, FNSE
The economic interactions and conflicts between farmers and herders have long been a focal point of discourse. The Grazing Reserves Law of 1965, a historical legislation in Nigeria, has unfortunately been disregarded by successive governments post the First Republic era.
This negligence has resulted in persistent clashes between farmers and herders, stemming from the competition over limited resources like lands, water, crops, and grasses. These conflicts have posed a significant challenge in numerous regions, requiring innovative solutions for resolution.
In response to these challenges, the proposition of Ruga settlements and ranching has emerged as a potential remedy to the enduring farmer-herder conflict. The Ruga policy, also referred to as the ‘human settlement policy,’ was introduced by the Buhari presidency with the aim of mitigating conflicts between nomadic Fulani herdsmen and sedentary farmers.
This policy, which is currently suspended, aims to establish reserved communities where herders can settle, cultivate, and graze their cattle without the need for constant movement in search of grazing land.
The Ruga policy seeks to establish organized livestock farms to promote a more structured and peaceful coexistence between farmers and herders.
For instance, in regions historically plagued by conflicts over grazing lands, the introduction of Ruga settlements will provide designated grazing areas for herders. This will lead to reduction in conflicts and tensions between the two groups, fostering a more harmonious relationship.
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Economically, Ruga settlements and ranching hold the potential to enhance the activities of both farmers and herders. By offering designated grazing areas, herders can improve the quality of their livestock and boost productivity.
Moreover, the implementation of Ruga settlements and ranching can aid in conflict resolution by clearly delineating boundaries and designated areas for both parties, thereby reducing the likelihood of disputes. This systematic approach cultivates mutual understanding and cooperation between farmers and herders, fostering a more harmonious relationship.
Ranching, a key component of the Ruga policy, involves segregating land for livestock rearing, improving forages, and implementing modern livestock management practices.
This transition towards a more regulated and efficient livestock management system can lead to increased yields of meat, milk, and other animal products, benefiting both farmers and herders alike. Additionally, investing in ranching has the potential to enhance food security in Nigeria and decrease reliance on imported meat and dairy products.
However, the implementation of ranching comes with its own set of challenges and considerations. Secure land tenure is crucial for the success of ranching, though it can be a challenging aspect to address. Furthermore, well-developed transport infrastructure is necessary to facilitate the movement of animals from remote areas to urban markets.
Fencing costs also present a significant barrier for some ranchers, and finding a balance between traditional grazing practices and modern ranching techniques is essential. Government support in the form of investments in veterinary services, animal disease surveillance, and livestock value chains is vital for the success of ranching initiatives.
In conclusion, the implementation of Ruga settlements and ranching presents a promising opportunity to address economic and conflict resolution challenges between farmers and herders.
By establishing designated areas and promoting organized livestock farming, these initiatives have the potential to boost economic activities and nurture a peaceful coexistence between the two groups. Sustainable agriculture practices, such as agroforestry and integrated pest management, can further enrich the coexistence between farmers and herders, leading to increased productivity and profitability for both parties.
Government support through the implementation of supportive policies and programs is crucial for the success of these initiatives, creating an enabling environment for sustainable agriculture practices and peaceful coexistence. The suspension of “Ruga Policy” should be lifted after carefully analyzing the reasons which led to the suspension.
Also, the revival and modification of the Grazing Reserve Law of 1965, coupled with effective communication and collaboration, can pave the way for a more harmonious relationship between farmers and herders in Nigeria. This collaborative effort can lead to a more sustainable and prosperous future for agricultural practices in the nation.
bgabdullahi@gmail.com
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